Physiology of Balance: Vestibular System and Postural Control
Explore the physiology of balance: semicircular canals, otolith organs, vestibular hair-cell transduction, reflex pathways, sensory integration and clinical tests.
Ear, Nose and Throat
Ear, Nose and Throat
Clinical Medicine learning resources on ENT history, examination, investigations, procedures and common ear, nose, throat, head and neck conditions.
Physiology of Hearing: From Sound Waves to Auditory Perception
Learn how sound is collected, conducted through the middle ear, converted into neural signals in the cochlea, encoded by the auditory pathway, and related to common patterns of hearing loss.
Structure of the Ear: External, Middle and Inner Ear Anatomy
Explore the structure of the ear, including the external, middle and inner ear, tympanic membrane, ossicles, cochlea, vestibular labyrinth and key clinical correlations.
Ear, Nose and Throat
Foreign Body Removal in ENT: Ear and Nasal Foreign Bodies
Learn safe ear and nasal foreign body removal in ENT: assess batteries, choose techniques, recognise complications, and know when to stop and refer.
Ear, Nose and Throat
Aural Toilet in ENT: Indications, Techniques and Safe Practice
Study aural toilet in ENT: indications, assessment, dry mopping, microsuction, ear-wick use, safety precautions, complications and aftercare.
Ear, Nose and Throat
Ear Syringing in ENT: Indications, Safe Procedure and Aftercare
Review ear syringing for symptomatic earwax: indications, contraindications, safe electronic irrigation, complications and aftercare.
Ear, Nose and Throat
Allergen Testing in ENT: Skin-Prick Test and Specific IgE
Learn when allergen testing is useful in ENT, how skin-prick testing and serum specific IgE work, and how to interpret sensitisation safely.
Nasal Patency Tests: Bedside Assessment and Objective Measures
Learn nasal patency tests for ENT: bedside mirror and cotton-wool methods, peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF), specialist measures, interpretation and clinical safety.
Ear, Nose and Throat
Taking Swabs in ENT: Specimen Collection and Handling
Educational guide to taking throat, nasal and ear swabs in ENT: indications, technique, infection prevention, transport, labelling and interpretation.
Ear, Nose and Throat
Basic ENT Instruments: Identification, Uses and Safe Handling
A practical guide to ENT procedures for learners: basic instruments, diagnostic swabs, nasal patency and allergy tests, ear irrigation, aural toilet and safe foreign-body removal.
