Bachelors in Nursing • Semester 2, 2023
3 Hours
Duration
100 Marks
Total Marks
3 Sections
A, B, C
Part I: Objectives (20 Marks)
Answer ALL questions in this part. Choose the most appropriate answer.
1. Which bone cell is responsible for resorbing (breaking down) bone matrix?
2. The "Waiter's Tip" position is a classic sign of injury to which part of the brachial plexus?
3. All muscles of facial expression are innervated by which cranial nerve?
4. During which stage of lung maturation does surfactant production begin?
5. Which muscle is the primary flexor of the forearm at the elbow?
6. The sella turcica, which houses the pituitary gland, is a feature of which cranial bone?
7. In oogenesis, meiosis I is completed just before ovulation, resulting in:
8. Which muscle is NOT part of the rotator cuff (SITS) group?
9. The primary action of the muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg (Fibularis Longus and Brevis) is:
10. An inability to abduct the thigh and a pelvic drop on the unsupported side (Trendelenburg sign) indicates damage to which nerve?
11. The olecranon process is a prominent feature of which bone?
12. All hamstring muscles are innervated by the tibial portion of the sciatic nerve EXCEPT:
13. Which of the following is NOT part of the axial skeleton?
14. The "anatomical snuffbox" is formed by the tendons of all the following muscles EXCEPT:
15. Referred pain to the shoulder tip is often a sign of irritation to the diaphragmatic pleura, carried by which nerve?
16. The patella is classified as which type of bone?
17. Which muscle is responsible for the first 15 degrees of arm abduction?
18. The Adductor Pollicis muscle in the hand is innervated by the:
19. The microscopic, cylindrical unit of compact bone is called a(n):
20. The "sit bones" are technically known as the:
Part II: Fill in the Blanks (20 Marks)
Answer ALL questions in this part.
21. The primary muscle of respiration that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities is the [Click to reveal].
22. The nerve that innervates the muscles of facial expression is the [Click to reveal].
23. The final maturation stage where a round spermatid is remodeled into a spermatozoon is called [Click to reveal].
24. The mnemonic "PAD" helps to remember that the Palmar Interossei muscles [Click to reveal] the fingers.
25. The C1 vertebra is known as the [Click to reveal], while the C2 vertebra is the [Click to reveal].
26. The three muscles that insert at the pes anserinus on the medial side of the tibia are the Sartorius, Gracilis, and [Click to reveal].
27. "Winging of the scapula" is caused by paralysis of the Serratus Anterior muscle due to injury to the [Click to reveal].
28. The inorganic component that gives bone its hardness and resistance to compression is primarily [Click to reveal].
29. In a female, a secondary oocyte is arrested in [Click to reveal] of meiosis until fertilization occurs.
30. The longest muscle in the human body is the [Click to reveal].
Answer any THREE questions from this section.
1. Describe the structure of a long bone, identifying the diaphysis, epiphyses, metaphysis, periosteum, and medullary cavity.
2. List the four muscles of the Quadriceps Femoris group and state their common insertion and primary action.
3. Explain the clinical significance of the Long Thoracic Nerve, including the muscle it innervates and the resulting deficit if it is injured.
4. Differentiate between the visceral and parietal pleura in terms of location and nerve supply.
5. List the five major terminal nerves of the brachial plexus and state the primary motor compartment each one supplies.
Answer any TWO questions from this section.
1. Describe the five stages of endochondral ossification, from the formation of a hyaline cartilage model to the appearance of secondary ossification centers.
2. Compare and contrast the muscles of the anterior and posterior compartments of the leg. For each compartment, state the general innervation, primary actions, and list at least two major muscles.
3. Describe the anatomy of the skull. List the 8 bones of the cranium and the 14 bones of the face.