DCM: Year Two
A year focusing on disease processes, specialised body systems, principles of public health and research.
DCM 2101: Clinical Pharmacology
This module shall enable the learner acquire knowledge and understanding of the various pharmacological agents and their use in Clinical Medicine and Community health.
By the end of this module unit, the learner shall be able to:
- Identify the pharmacological agents used to treat the various systemic disease conditions.
- Rationally prescribe various pharmacological agents used to treat the various systemic disease conditions.
- Administer various pharmacological agents used to treat the various systemic disease conditions.
- Monitor and manage adverse drug reactions.
LWA 1
Drugs that Act on the Central Nervous System
Sub-topic 1.1: Introduction to CNS Pharmacology
Sub-topic 1.2: Analgesics and Anaesthetics agents
LWA 2
Agents Acting on the Autonomic Nervous System
Sub-topic 2.1: Adrenergic Agents
- Definition, classification, and pharmacology of Adrenergic agents
Sub-topic 2.2: Cholinergic Agents
- Definition, classification, and pharmacology of Cholinergic agents
LWA 3
Psychotherapeutic & Neurodegenerative Agents
Sub-topic 3.1 & 3.2: Drug Classes and Uses
- Pharmacology of psychiatric drugs
- Pharmacology of neurological drugs
- Pharmacology of drugs for neurodegenerative disorders
LWA 4
Drugs Affecting the Cardiovascular System
Sub-topic 4.1 - 4.5: Overview of Cardiovascular Drug Classes
- Anti-hypertensive agents
- Drugs used for heart failure
- Anti-anginal and anti-hyperlipidemic agents
- Haematinics
- Blood modifying drugs
LWA 5
Anti-inflammatory, Anti-allergic, and Immunomodulators
Sub-topic 5.1-5.3: Overview of Drug Classes
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents
- Anti-allergic agents
- Immunomodulator Drugs
LWA 6
Drugs for the Gastrointestinal System
Overview of GI Drug Classes
- Drugs used in Peptic Ulcer Disease
- Laxatives
- Anti-Diarrheal Agents
- Emetic and Anti-emetic Agents
LWA 7
Drugs for Respiratory, Rheumatic, Skin, & Gout Conditions
Overview of Drug Classes
- Agents Acting On the Respiratory System
- Agents for Rheumatoid Arthritis and Gout therapy
- Agents in Skin Conditions
LWA 8
Drugs for Endocrine and Reproductive Systems
Overview of Drug Classes
- Drugs for Diabetes Mellitus
- Drugs for Thyroid and Adrenal Cortex Disorders
- Agents used in Uterine Function and Infertility therapy
- Katzung B.G Basic & clinical Pharmacology 10th edition McGraw Hill (2012)
- Richard & Pamella Lippincotts illustrated reviews
- Rang, P.H (2012) Rang & Dale Pharmacology London Church Hill Living stones
- Uganda Clinical guidelines (latest edition)
- Muyinda Nathan (2010). Precise pharmacology
- MOH (2015). Practical Guideline for Dispensing at Higher Level Health Centres.
DCM 2102: General Pathology and Immunology
This module unit will enable the learner to understand the causes and mechanisms of disease process, course, outcome and consequences of disease.
By the end of this module unit, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the background of Pathology
- Identify the various causes of diseases
- Discuss the pathogenicity of diseases
- Describe the specimens used in pathology
- Describe basic specimen preservation and transportation
LWA 1
Introduction of Pathology
Sub-topic 1.1 & 1.2: Concepts & Cellular Adaptations
- Concepts of disease
- Pathology specimens
- Physiologic stresses and cellular adaptations
Sub-topic 1.3 & 1.4: Infectious Diseases & Cell Injury
- Infectious organisms
- Cell injury and cell death
- Causes and types of cell death
- Intracellular accumulations
- Cellular aging
LWA 2
Inflammation and The Healing Process
Sub-topic 2.1-2.3: Inflammation
- Overview of inflammation
- Acute inflammation
- Chronic inflammation
Sub-topic 2.4: Healing process
LWA 3
Genetic Disorders and Neoplasia
Sub-topic 3.1 & 3.2: Human Genetics & Genetic Disorders
- Human Genetics Concepts
- Classification of genetic disorders
Sub-topic 3.3 & 3.4: Neoplasia (Tumours)
LWA 4
Immunopathology
Sub-topic 4.1 & 4.2: Concepts of Immunity and Immunization
- Primary and secondary immune responses
- Innate and adaptive immunity
- Antibodies
Sub-topic 4.3: Diseases caused by defective immune responses
LWA 5
Hematology, Clinical Chemistry & Forensic Medicine
Sub-topic 5.1 - 5.3: Hematology, Transfusion & Clinical Chemistry
- Introduction to hematology
- Blood transfusion
- Clinical chemistry
Sub-topic 5.4: Forensic medicine
- Definitions and terms used in forensic medicine
- Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV)
- Wounds & injuries
- General Pathology: Ethiopia Public Health Training Initiative. Mosele Bezabeth, Abiye Tesfaye, Bahiru Ergido Jimma University, Gordon University, Haramaya University, Delub University (2004)
- David A Levison and Robin Reid (2008). Muir’s Textbook of Pathology, 14th Edition.
- Warren Levinson (2012). Review of Medical Microbiology and Immunology
- Robinsons text of Pathology, Robin Reid, 8th Edition
- Mark Peakman and Diego Vergani (2009). Basic and Clinical Immunology 2nd edition
- J. C. E Underwood (2008). General and Systematic Pathology 4th edition
DCM 2103: Mental Health Care
This module unit shall enable the learner to get knowledge, attitude & skills of mental Health and its application in clinical medicine & community health.
By the end of this module unit, the learner shall be able to:
- Diagnose mental illness
- Treat common mental illnesses
LWA 1
Introduction to Mental Health
Sub-topic 1.1 & 1.2: Background and Aetiology
Sub-topic 1.3 & 1.4: Assessment and Investigations
- Psychiatric clerkship
- Relevant psychiatric and Psycho-social investigations
Sub-topic 1.5 & 1.6: Treatment and Support
LWA 2
Mental Health Disorders
Classification and Management of Mental Disorders
- Methods of classification (DSM V, ICD IV)
- Organic mental disorders
- Functional psychosis
- Obstetric / Gynecological aspects of mental illness (Postnatal depression)
- Anxiety disorders & Psychosomatic and Somatoform Disorders
- Psychosomatic and Somatoform Disorders
- Epilepsy & HIV/AIDS Mental disorders
- Psycho-active Substance use disorders
- Childhood and Adolescent Psychiatric Conditions
- Psychiatric Emergencies
- Sleeping Disorders
LWA 3
Gender, Childhood, and Sleeping Disorders
Sub-topic 3.1: Gender identity and sexuality disorders
Sub-topic 3.2: Common Childhood and Adolescent psychiatric conditions
- Theories of child development (Erickson, Piaget, Freud)
- Risk factors and developmental disorders in children
- Child abuse assessment and diagnosis
Sub-topic 3.3: Sleeping disorders
- David Musyimi Ndetei (2006). The African book of Clinical psychiatry and Mental health
- Psychiatry by Emilo Ovuga
- Amand M. Nichili (1999). The Harvard guide to psychiatry
- David P. Moore et-al (2004). Handbook of medical psychiatry 2nd edition
- WHO Guide to Mental Health in primary care (2002).
- Psychiatry by Ten teachers
- Creek Lougher (2008). Occupational Therapy and Mental health 4th edition.
- B. K. Puri (2002). Textbook of Psychiatry
DCM 2104: Reproductive Health
This module unit shall enable the learner to acquire knowledge, attitude & skills of reproductive health and its application to Clinical Medicine & Community Health.
By the end of this module unit, the learner shall be able to provide sexual and reproductive health services to the community.
LWA 1
Introduction to Reproductive Health
LWA 2
Antenatal Care (ANC)
Sub-topic 2.1 - 2.4: Comprehensive Antenatal Care
LWA 3
Maternal & Child Health (MCH)
Sub-topic 3.1, 3.2 & 3.5: Key MCH Concepts
LWA 4
Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STIs)
Sub-topic 4.1 - 4.4: Management and Prevention
LWA 5 & 6
Adolescent Health & Family Planning
School Adolescents' Health
Family Planning
- MOH (2016). Uganda Clinical Guidelines
- WHO Family Planning Cornerstone (2011). Family Planning. A Global Handbook for providers
- Gynaecology by Ten Teachers 20th edition
- A.W.F. Miller and K.P Hanretty (1998). Obstetrics Illustrated 5th edition
- David McKay and Jane Norman (2000). Gynaecology Illustrated 4th edition
- WHO (2005). Pocket Book of Hospital care for children. Guidelines for the Management Of Common Illnesses With Limited Resources
- Child Health. A Manual for Medical and Health Workers In Health centers and Rural Hospitals (2005).
- Myles Textbook for Midwives 7th Edition by Jayne Marshall and Maureen Raynor (2014).
DCM 2105: Palliative Care
This module unit shall enable the learner to get knowledge, attitude and skills of Palliative care and its application in clinical medicine & community health.
By the end of this module unit, the learner shall be able to:
- Manage patients in pain
- Assess psychosocial issues
LWA 1
Introduction to Palliative Care
Sub-topic 1.1-1.3: Background, Principles, and Models
LWA 2 & 3
Self-Awareness, Communication, & Psychosocial Care
Self-Awareness for Care Givers
LWA 4 & 5
Pain and Pain Management
Pain Assessment
LWA 6 - 9
Symptom Control, Nursing Care, and Key Issues
Symptom Control and Emergencies
Nursing Care
Breaking Bad News, Ethical and Legal Issues
LWA 10 - 15
Specialized Topics in Palliative Care
- Linda L. Emanuel and S. Lawrence (2007). Palliative Care. Core Skills and Clinical competencies
- Oxford textbook on palliative medicine, 5th Edition
- Textbook of palliative medicine and supportive care 2nd Edition
- Handbook on palliative care, Hospice Africa-Uganda
- Oxford textbook of palliative care for children by Richard Hain.
- Textbook of Palliative Medicine by Eduardo Bruera et-al (2009).
DCM 2106: Environmental Health
This module unit shall enable the learner to acquire knowledge, attitudes and skills to manage environmental health problems within the community.
By the end of this module unit, the learner should be able to:
- Explain the elements of environmental health
- Describe methods of waste disposal
- Describe the common ways of protecting water sources from contamination
- Describe the control of common disease vectors in Uganda
- State the recommended requirements for food handling
- Describe occupational health in health care setting
LWA 1
Introduction to Environmental Health
Sub-topic 1.1-1.3: Core Concepts
LWA 2 & 3
Waste Management & Water Provision
Waste Management
Adequate and Safe Water Provision
LWA 4, 5 & 6
Hygiene, Food Security, Housing & Home Visiting
Personal and Food Hygiene
LWA 7 & 8
Vector Control, Legislation & Occupational Health
Common Vectors, Pests and Rodents
Occupational Health and Environmental Legislation
- Environmental health for East Africa by AMREF
- Community Health by Chris Wood (2008) 3rd Edition-AMREF
- Key concepts in Public Health by Frances Wilson and Mzwandile Mabhala (2009)
- Short textbook of Public Health Medicine for the Tropics by Adetokunbo O. Lucas (2003)
- Public health act, 2008.
Semester II
DCM 2201: Ophthalmology
This module unit covers important aspects of Basic anatomy and physiology of the eye, management of common eye conditions, knowledge of drugs, materials and basic equipment used in ophthalmology.
By the end of this module unit, the learner shall be able to:
- Apply understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the eye
- Diagnose, manage and prevent common eye conditions
- Identify drugs, materials and basic equipment used in ophthalmology
LWA 1
Introduction to Ophthalmology
Sub-topic 1.1: Review the anatomy and physiology of the human eye
Sub-topic 1.2: Overview of Ophthalmic Symptomatology
- Abnormal vision
- Abnormal sensations
- Abnormal secretions and appearance
Sub-topic 1.3: Examination of the eye
- Assessment of vision
- External eye examination
- Measuring intra-ocular pressure using Schiøtz Tonometer
LWA 2
Common Eye Conditions
Overview of Disorders
- Disorders of the lids
- Disorders of the Lacrimal Apparatus
- Disorders of Conjunctiva and Sclera
- Uveitis, Cataract, and Glaucoma
- Common childhood eye disorders
- Management of Red eye and Visual impairment
- Common eye tumours
LWA 3 & 4
HIV, Trauma, and the Eye
HIV and the Eye
Trauma and the Eye
- Types of eye injuries
- Management of foreign bodies
- Orbital injury
LWA 5 & 6
Surgical Procedures, Materials & Drugs
Ophthalmic Surgical Procedures
- Incision and drainage
- Cataract operations
- Glaucoma surgery
- Other procedures
Materials, Drugs And Equipment
- Basic equipment
- Appliances
- Drugs used in Ophthalmology
- Atlas of clinical ophthalmology by Jaypee. VM Loganatham (2007) 1st Edition
- Opthalmology. An illustrated color text. 2nd Edition by Mark Batterburg and Brad Bowling (2005).
- Illustrated Tutorial in clinical Opthalmology Jack J r. Kanski and Anne Bolton (2001).
- Clinical Opthalmology 4th Edition by Jack J r. Kanski and Anne Bolton (1999).
DCM 2202: Dental Health
This module unit will enable the learners to acquire scientific knowledge, attitude and skills to help them identify, diagnose and prevent common oral diseases and conditions.
By the end of this module unit, the learner shall be able to:
- Identify common oral (dental and periodontal) conditions.
- Give first line treatment to common oral conditions.
- Provide oral health education and promotion to communities.
- Refer complicated oral conditions.
LWA 1
Introduction to Dental Health
Sub-topic 1.1 & 1.2: Concepts, Tools, and Equipment
- Definition and key terms in dental health
- Tools and equipment used in dental health
Sub-topic 1.3: Promotion of dental health
Sub-topic 1.4-1.6: Clinical Procedures
- Clinical Evaluation in Dental Health
- Administering Anaesthesia in Dental treatment
- Tooth Extraction
LWA 2
Treat Oral and Dental Conditions
Common Conditions Part 1
- Oral Ulcers
- Dental Caries and its complications
- Periodontal diseases
- Stomatitis
- Trauma and Structural Conditions
Common Conditions Part 2
- David A. Mitchell and Laura Mitchell (2008). Oxford Handbook of Clinical Dentistry 4th Edition
- James W. Little et-al (2008). Dental Management of Medical Compromised Patients 7th Edition
- Ivor G. Chestnut and John Gibson (2002). Churchill’s Pocketbook of Clinical Densitry 2nd Edition
- Edward W. Odell (2004). Clinical Solving in Dentistry 2nd Edition
DCM 2203: Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Care
This module unit shall enable the learner to get equipped with relevant knowledge, skills and attitudes required in the management of Ear, Nose and Throat conditions.
By the end of this module unit, the learner should be able to provide ENT Services to the community.
LWA 1
Introduction to Ear, Nose, Throat
Sub-topic 1.1: Clerkship in ENT
- History taking in ENT
- Physical examination in ENT
- Investigations
Sub-topic 1.2: Procedures in ENT
- Instrumentation of basic instruments in ENT
- Diagnostic procedures
- Treatment procedures
LWA 2
Otology (The Ear)
Sub-topic 2.1 & 2.2: Anatomy and Physiology of the Ear
- Structures of the ear
- The physiology of hearing and balance
Sub-topic 2.2: Conditions of the ear
- Congenital conditions
- Inflammatory/Infective conditions
- Traumatic conditions
LWA 3
Rhinology (The Nose)
Sub-topic 3.1-3.3: Anatomy and Physiology
- Anatomy of the nose and its structures
- Physiology of smell and taste
Sub-topic 3.4: Conditions of the nose
- Inflammatory/Infective conditions
- Traumatic conditions
LWA 4
The Throat
Sub-topic 4.1 & 4.2: Anatomy and Physiology
- Anatomy of the throat
- Physiology of swallowing and conation
Sub-topic 4.3: Conditions of the throat
- Congenital conditions
- Infective conditions
- Trauma
- Mohammad. M, (2004). Textbook of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases (12th edition), Japyee publishers.
- Mogan. J. C, (2011). Essential ENT (2ND edition), Hodder Arnold publishers.
- Ross S.J Kathleen J. W., (2006). Anatomy and physiology in health and illness (11th edition) London, Church Hill Livingstone publishers
DCM 2204: Demography, Epidemiology & Biostatistics
In this module unit, the learner is expected to acquire basic knowledge, skills and competencies that are required in Demography, Epidemiology & Biostatistics. This will help in tracing diseases, controlling and eradicating disease outbreaks and develop strategies for improving health.
By the end of this module unit, the learner shall be able to:
- Monitor and carryout surveillance of disease patterns
- Use statistical data for Planning and implementation of healthcare services
- Use statistical data for lobbying and advocacy
LWA 1 - 4
Epidemiology
Introduction to Epidemiology
- Concepts, objectives, and evolution of Epidemiology
- Types of Epidemiology
- Dynamics of disease transmission
Disease Outbreaks & Surveillance
- Determinants and levels of disease outbreaks
- Outbreak response and management
- Levels and methods of disease prevention
- Introduction and process of disease surveillance
Disease Screening
- Definition and types of disease screening
- Validity of a screening test
LWA 5 - 8
Health Determinants & Measures of Disease
Determinants of Health & Disease Classification
Measures of Disease and Mortality
- Application of measures of morbidity
- Measuring disease
- Types of mortality measures
LWA 9 - 11
Demography and Biostatistics
Concept of Demography & Population Dynamics
Concepts of Biostatistics
- Descriptive statistics
- Inferential statistics
- Statistical tools used in Biostatistics
- Siegel Jacob S. and Swanson David A. (2004). The Methods and Materials of Demography. Second edition, Elsevier Academic Press, New York.
- Rothman Kenneth J. (2012). Epidemiology An introduction. Second Edition. Oxford University Press, Inc. New York.
- Leon Gordis (2014). Epidemiology 5th Edition. Elsevier Saunders, Philadelphia.
- Dicker R., Gathany N.C., Pat A. Principles of Epidemiology, Second edition, An introduction to Applied Epidemiology and Biostatics
- Gerald Van Belle, Lloyd D. Fisher, Patrick J. Heagerty and Thomas Lumley (2004). Biostatistics, A methodology for Health sciences, second edition. Wiley Interscience, New Jersey.
DCM 2205: Research Methods and Proposal Writing
This module unit shall enable the learner to write a research proposal and conduct a conventional research in a health related field.
By the end of this module unit, the learner shall be able to write a research proposal and research report in a health related field.
LWA 1 & 2
Introduction to Research & Literature Review
Introduction to Research
- Definition and concepts in researchNotes coming soon
- Types of research and application (qualitative/quantitative)Notes coming soon
- Importance of research to the health systemNotes coming soon
Introduction to Research Proposal
- Formulating a research topic/titleNotes coming soon
- Writing a statement of the problem, research objectives, and questionsNotes coming soon
Literature Review
- Online and text-based literature searchingNotes coming soon
- Citing of Literature and referencing (APA format)Notes coming soon
LWA 4
Methodology
Sub-topic 4.1: Study Designs
- Types: Explorative, Descriptive, Comparative (analytical), ExperimentalNotes coming soon
Sub-topic 4.2 & 4.3: Study Population and Sampling
- Determining the appropriate study population and sample sizeNotes coming soon
- Applying appropriate research sampling techniques (probability and non-probability)Notes coming soon
Sub-topic 4.4-4.6: Data Collection, Quality & Ethics
- Data collection methods, tools and research instrumentsNotes coming soon
- Applying quality control measures (Validity, reliability, pretesting)Notes coming soon
- Applying ethical considerations and study limitations in researchNotes coming soon
LWA 5
Presentation of Research Results and Conclusions
Sub-topic 5.1 & 5.2: Analysis, Presentation, and Discussion
- Use of Statistical figures in presentation of findingsNotes coming soon
- Descriptive way of data presentationNotes coming soon
- Discussing the results/findingsNotes coming soon
- Drawing conclusions and making recommendationsNotes coming soon
- UAHEB (2015). Guidelines on Research proposal and report writing in Allied Health Training Institutions 1st Edition
- UAHEB (2020). Guidelines for Research proposal and report writing in Allied Health Training Institutions 2nd Edition
- C R Kothari and Gaurav Garg (2014). Research Methodology-Methods and Techniques 3rd Edition
- R C Goyal (2013). Research Methodology for Health Professionals-Including Proposal, Thesis and Article Writing.
DCM 2206: Entrepreneurship Skills
The module unit covers important aspects of entrepreneurship, the learner will be exposed to concepts of entrepreneurship, creating entrepreneurial small business and managing the entrepreneurial small, medium and large scale business.
By the end of this module unit, a learner should be able to:
- Create entrepreneurial business
- Manage entrepreneurial business
LWA 1, 2 & 3
Foundations of Entrepreneurship
Introduction to Entrepreneurship
- Definition of entrepreneurship, entrepreneur, intrapreneurshipNotes coming soon
- Qualities of an entrepreneur and business ethicsNotes coming soon
- Factors that promote entrepreneurshipNotes coming soon
Environmental Analysis for Business Opportunities
- Scanning the environment for business opportunitiesNotes coming soon
- Generating, selection and evaluation of business ideasNotes coming soon
- Protection of business (Trademark and patent rights)Notes coming soon
Innovation and Creativity
- Meaning and forces of innovation and creativity in business lifeNotes coming soon
- Barriers to creativity and innovationNotes coming soon
LWA 4 - 7
Business Operations
Business Ownership and Planning
- Components and types of a business planNotes coming soon
- Writing a business plan and developing a budgetNotes coming soon
- Forms of business ownership and registrationNotes coming soon
- Mobilizing business resources (Financial, Human, Physical)Notes coming soon
Marketing, Branding, and Taxation
- Marketing mix (Price, Place, People, Product)Notes coming soon
- Branding, sales promotion, and advertisementNotes coming soon
- Calculating VAT and Income tax payable & filing tax returnsNotes coming soon
Contractual Agreements
- Definition and types of contractsNotes coming soon
- Essentials/elements of a valid contractNotes coming soon
- Breach, termination & discharge of a contractNotes coming soon
- Stokes and Wilson, (2016). Small business management and entrepreneurship 7th edition Annabel Ainscow China
- Kuratko, D.F(2014). Introduction to entrepreneurship 9th edition south western cengage learning canadas.
